Solar System
Mars
Terrestrial Planet · Red Planet

The Red Planet has captivated humanity for centuries. With evidence of ancient rivers, polar ice caps, and the tallest volcano in the Solar System, Mars is the most promising candidate for future human colonisation.

Planet Data ○ Reference
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Mean Radius
3,390 km
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Gravity
3.71 m/s²
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Density
3.93 g/cm³
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Avg Temperature
-63 °C
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Axial Tilt
25.2°
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Escape Velocity
5.03 km/s
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Orbital Period
687.0 days
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Rotation Period
24.62 h
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Known Moons
2
Overview via Wikipedia
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Atmosphere Composition
Carbon Dioxide 95.3%
Nitrogen 2.7%
Argon 1.6%
Oxygen 0.13%
Carbon Monoxide 0.08%
Notable Features
Olympus Mons — tallest volcano (21.9 km), 3× Everest
Valles Marineris — canyon system 4,000 km long
Polar ice caps of water and dry ice
Ancient river deltas and lake beds indicating past liquid water
Space Missions
Mission Year Notes
Viking 1 & 2 1975 First successful Mars landers; searched for life
Curiosity 2012–present Nuclear-powered rover in Gale Crater
Perseverance 2021–present Collecting samples; Ingenuity helicopter
Mars Odyssey 2001–present Longest-operating Mars spacecraft
Moons & Satellites
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NASA Images

Images courtesy of NASA Image & Video Library. All images are public domain.

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Mars Science Quiz

10 questions from our Science quiz

Question 1 of 10
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Solar System
NASA Photo Gallery — Mars View on NASA ↗

Images courtesy of NASA Image & Video Library. All images are public domain.