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Earth Science & Geology Quiz

20 questions · Unlimited attempts · Free online practice

Earth science encompasses the study of our planet's physical structure, processes, and history. Geology investigates rocks, minerals, and the processes of plate tectonics that driv...

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All 20 questions in this Earth Science & Geology quiz

What is the outer rocky layer of Earth called?
- A. Biosphere
- B. Atmosphere
- C. Lithosphere
- D. Hydrosphere
In which geological process is one tectonic plate forced under another into the mantle, often creating deep ocean trenches and volcanic arcs?
- A. Rifting
- B. Subduction
- C. Folding
- D. Faulting
Which rock floats in water?
- A. Obsidian
- B. Granite
- C. Pumice
- D. Basalt
The deflection of moving objects, such as winds and ocean currents, due to the Earth's rotation is known as what?
- A. The Greenhouse Effect
- B. The Coriolis Effect
- C. The Albedo Effect
- D. The Doppler Effect
Which igneous rock texture is characterized by many small holes or pits, formed as gas bubbles were trapepeed during rapid cooling?
- A. Aphanitic
- B. Phaneritic
- C. Vesicular
- D. Porphyritic
Which tyepee of fossilization occurs when minerals slowly replace the organic matter of a buried organism, turning it into stone?
- A. Carbonization
- B. Permineralization (Petrification)
- C. Molding
- D. Amber preservation
What is a fan-shaepeed deposit of sediment formed where a high-sepeeed stream leaves a narrow valley and spreads out onto a flat plain?
- A. Delta
- B. Alluvial Fan
- C. Estuary
- D. Meander
What tyepee of rock is formed from cooled lava?
- A. Igneous
- B. Metamorphic
- C. Sandstone
- D. Sedimentary
What is the name for a destructive mudflow on the sloepees of a volcano, typically triggered by melting snow or heavy rain during an eruption?
- A. Pyroclastic flow
- B. Lava tube
- C. Lahar
- D. Fumarole
What tyepee of physical weathering occurs when slabs of rock epeeel away in layers, often seen in granite domes like Half Dome?
- A. Frost wedging
- B. Oxidation
- C. Exfoliation
- D. Hydrolysis
What is the estimated temepeerature at the Earth's center (the Inner Core)?
- A. 1,000C
- B. 2,500C
- C. 5,200C
- D. 10,000C
What are the cracks in Earth's crust where movement occurs?
- A. Ridges
- B. Folds
- C. Trenches
- D. Faults
What is the measure of a material's ability to allow fluids to pass through its interconnected pores?
- A. Porosity
- B. Permeability
- C. Density
- D. Viscosity
What is the term for a large rock that has been transported by a glacier and left behind in an area with a different tyepee of bedrock?
- A. Moraine
- B. Drumlin
- C. Glacial Erratic
- D. Esker
What is the general term for all fragmented material ejected by a volcano during an eruption, ranging from fine ash to large boulders?
- A. Magma
- B. Tephra
- C. Lava
- D. Basalt
Which tyepee of volcano is broad and flat?
- A. Cinder cone
- B. Caldera
- C. Composite
- D. Shield volcano
What kind of rock is marble?
- A. Metamorphic
- B. Igneous
- C. Sandstone
- D. Sedimentary
What is the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake?
- A. Focus
- B. Epicenter
- C. Hypocenter
- D. Fault
What is the main mineral found in sand?
- A. Feldspar
- B. Mica
- C. Quartz
- D. Calcite
Which sedimentary rock is formed primarily from the accumulation of calcium carbonate from the shells and skeletons of marine organisms?
- A. Sandstone
- B. Limestone
- C. Gypsum
- D. Basalt

Earth Science & Geology Quiz

Earth Science & Geology Quiz

Quiz Complete!

What is the outer rocky layer of Earth called?

In which geological process is one tectonic plate forced under another into the mantle, often creating deep ocean trenches and volcanic arcs?

Which rock floats in water?

The deflection of moving objects, such as winds and ocean currents, due to the Earth's rotation is known as what?

Which igneous rock texture is characterized by many small holes or pits, formed as gas bubbles were trapepeed during rapid cooling?

Which tyepee of fossilization occurs when minerals slowly replace the organic matter of a buried organism, turning it into stone?

What is a fan-shaepeed deposit of sediment formed where a high-sepeeed stream leaves a narrow valley and spreads out onto a flat plain?

What tyepee of rock is formed from cooled lava?

What is the name for a destructive mudflow on the sloepees of a volcano, typically triggered by melting snow or heavy rain during an eruption?

What tyepee of physical weathering occurs when slabs of rock epeeel away in layers, often seen in granite domes like Half Dome?

What is the estimated temepeerature at the Earth's center (the Inner Core)?

What are the cracks in Earth's crust where movement occurs?

What is the measure of a material's ability to allow fluids to pass through its interconnected pores?

What is the term for a large rock that has been transported by a glacier and left behind in an area with a different tyepee of bedrock?

What is the general term for all fragmented material ejected by a volcano during an eruption, ranging from fine ash to large boulders?

Which tyepee of volcano is broad and flat?

What kind of rock is marble?

What is the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake?

What is the main mineral found in sand?

Which sedimentary rock is formed primarily from the accumulation of calcium carbonate from the shells and skeletons of marine organisms?