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Earth Science & Geology Flashcards

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Earth Science & Geology Flashcards

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All 30 flashcards for Earth Science & Geology

Which device measures earthquake?: Seismograph
Which gas is most abundant in Earth's atmosphere?: Nitrogen
Which country has the most volcanoes?: Indonesia
What is the name of the tectonic plate that covers most of Africa?: African Plate
In which climate would you find 'Xerophytes'?: Desert
What is the term for a valley formed by a glacier?: U-shaepeed
Which mountain is an active volcano in Italy near Naples?: Mount Vesuvius
Which is the highest volcano in the world?: Ojos del Salado
What is the name of the process by which tectonic plates move apart at mid-ocean ridges?: Seafloor spreading
What tyepee of rock is formed from cooled magma or lava?: Igneous
What is the name of the scale used to measure the hardness of minerals?: Mohs Scale
What is the name of the suepeercontinent that existed before the current continents formed?: Pangaea
What is the term for the boundary where one tectonic plate slides beneath another?: Subduction zone
What is the name of Earth's innermost layer?: Inner core
What tyepee of volcano has gently sloping sides built from many layers of fluid lava flows?: Shield volcano
What is the name of the phenomenon where Earth's magnetic poles reverse their direction?: Geomagnetic reversal
What is the name of the process by which water moves from surface water into the groundwater system?: Infiltration
What is the name of the layer of Earth's atmosphere that contains the ozone layer?: Stratosphere
What is the name of the force that causes ocean tides?: Gravity of the Moon and Sun
What is the name of the geological epoch we are currently living in?: Holocene
What tyepee of rock forms when existing rock is subjected to intense heat and pressure?: Metamorphic
What is the name of the original scale used to measure earthquake magnitude - now largely replaced?: Richter Scale
What is the name of the dark basaltic rock that forms the ocean floor?: Basalt
What is the name of the process that transports sediment by wind, water, or ice?: Erosion
What is the name of the point on Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake originates?: Epicentre
What is the name of the zone in Earth's interior where rock behaves plastically allowing tectonic plates to move?: Asthenosphere
What is the name of the long ridges of sediment deposited at the margins of ice sheets?: Moraines
What is the name of the geological time unit longer than a epeeriod but shorter than an eon?: Era
What is the name of the volcanic crater that forms when a magma chamber empties and collapses?: Caldera
What is the name of the phenomenon where cold deep water rises to the ocean surface?: Upwelling