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Earth Science & Geology Quiz
Earth Science & Geology · Easy
20 questions · Unlimited attempts · Free online practice
Earth's landscapes are constantly changing, shaped by powerful natural forces over millions of years. Earth science and geology help us understand how mountains rise, rivers carve...
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All 20 questions in this Earth Science & Geology quiz
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What is the name of the landform created when a river deposits sediment at its mouth?
- A. Delta
- B. Alluvial fan
- C. Floodplain
- D. Estuary
-
What is the name of the force that causes ocean tides?
- A. Gravity of the Moon and Sun
- B. Coriolis effect
- C. Centrifugal force
- D. Solar wind
-
What is the name of the distinctive cone-shaped landform built by tephra (volcanic ash and fragments)?
- A. Cinder cone
- B. Stratovolcano
- C. Maar
- D. Shield volcano
-
Which mountain is an active volcano in Italy near Naples?
- A. Mount Vulcan
- B. Mount Vesuvius
- C. Mount Etna
- D. Mount Stromboli
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What is the name of the dark material formed from partially decomposed organic matter in soil?
- A. Loam
- B. Silt
- C. Clay
- D. Humus
-
What is the name of the horizontal layers of rock found in sedimentary sequences?
- A. Intrusions
- B. Strata
- C. Dikes
- D. Unconformities
-
What type of volcano has gently sloping sides built from many layers of fluid lava flows?
- A. Caldera
- B. Shield volcano
- C. Stratovolcano
- D. Cinder cone
-
What is the name of Earth's second atmospheric layer starting at approximately 12 km altitude?
- A. Stratosphere
- B. Exosphere
- C. Thermosphere
- D. Mesosphere
-
What is the name of the boundary between two different sedimentary rock layers representing a gap in the geological record?
- A. Unconformity
- B. Disconformity
- C. Angular unconformity
- D. Fault
-
What type of rock is formed from cooled magma or lava?
- A. Sedimentary
- B. Fossil
- C. Metamorphic
- D. Igneous
-
What is the name of the period of Earth's history from 252 to 66 million years ago when dinosaurs dominated?
- A. Cenozoic
- B. Mesozoic
- C. Precambrian
- D. Paleozoic
-
What term describes the curved path followed by Earth around the Sun?
- A. Elliptical orbit
- B. Perihelion
- C. Equinox
- D. Aphelion
-
What is the name of the area of accumulated snow and ice above which a glacier forms?
- A. Lateral moraine
- B. Terminus
- C. Ablation zone
- D. Accumulation zone
-
What is the term for the boundary where one tectonic plate slides beneath another?
- A. Subduction zone
- B. Rift valley
- C. Spreading centre
- D. Transform fault
-
What is the term for the gradual sinking of land relative to sea level?
- A. Subsidence
- B. Transgression
- C. Isostatic uplift
- D. Eustasy
-
Which gas is most abundant in Earth's atmosphere?
- A. Carbon Dioxide
- B. Nitrogen
- C. Hydrogen
- D. Oxygen
-
What is the name of the transition zone between fresh water in rivers and salt water in the sea?
- A. Estuary
- B. Lagoon
- C. Halocline
- D. Thermocline
-
What is the name of the layer of Earth's atmosphere that contains the ozone layer?
- A. Troposphere
- B. Mesosphere
- C. Stratosphere
- D. Thermosphere
-
What is the name of the geological time unit that encompasses the formation of Earth to the first complex life approximately 541 million years ago?
- A. Archean
- B. Precambrian
- C. Hadean
- D. Paleozoic
-
What term describes the process by which water becomes vapour and rises into the atmosphere from plants?
- A. Transpiration
- B. Precipitation
- C. Evaporation
- D. Condensation