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Earth Science & Geology Quiz

Earth Science & Geology · Easy

20 questions · Unlimited attempts · Free online practice

Earth's landscapes are constantly changing, shaped by powerful natural forces over millions of years. Earth science and geology help us understand how mountains rise, rivers carve...

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All 20 questions in this Earth Science & Geology quiz
  1. What is the name of the landform created when a river deposits sediment at its mouth?

    • A. Delta
    • B. Alluvial fan
    • C. Floodplain
    • D. Estuary
  2. What is the name of the force that causes ocean tides?

    • A. Gravity of the Moon and Sun
    • B. Coriolis effect
    • C. Centrifugal force
    • D. Solar wind
  3. What is the name of the distinctive cone-shaped landform built by tephra (volcanic ash and fragments)?

    • A. Cinder cone
    • B. Stratovolcano
    • C. Maar
    • D. Shield volcano
  4. Which mountain is an active volcano in Italy near Naples?

    • A. Mount Vulcan
    • B. Mount Vesuvius
    • C. Mount Etna
    • D. Mount Stromboli
  5. What is the name of the dark material formed from partially decomposed organic matter in soil?

    • A. Loam
    • B. Silt
    • C. Clay
    • D. Humus
  6. What is the name of the horizontal layers of rock found in sedimentary sequences?

    • A. Intrusions
    • B. Strata
    • C. Dikes
    • D. Unconformities
  7. What type of volcano has gently sloping sides built from many layers of fluid lava flows?

    • A. Caldera
    • B. Shield volcano
    • C. Stratovolcano
    • D. Cinder cone
  8. What is the name of Earth's second atmospheric layer starting at approximately 12 km altitude?

    • A. Stratosphere
    • B. Exosphere
    • C. Thermosphere
    • D. Mesosphere
  9. What is the name of the boundary between two different sedimentary rock layers representing a gap in the geological record?

    • A. Unconformity
    • B. Disconformity
    • C. Angular unconformity
    • D. Fault
  10. What type of rock is formed from cooled magma or lava?

    • A. Sedimentary
    • B. Fossil
    • C. Metamorphic
    • D. Igneous
  11. What is the name of the period of Earth's history from 252 to 66 million years ago when dinosaurs dominated?

    • A. Cenozoic
    • B. Mesozoic
    • C. Precambrian
    • D. Paleozoic
  12. What term describes the curved path followed by Earth around the Sun?

    • A. Elliptical orbit
    • B. Perihelion
    • C. Equinox
    • D. Aphelion
  13. What is the name of the area of accumulated snow and ice above which a glacier forms?

    • A. Lateral moraine
    • B. Terminus
    • C. Ablation zone
    • D. Accumulation zone
  14. What is the term for the boundary where one tectonic plate slides beneath another?

    • A. Subduction zone
    • B. Rift valley
    • C. Spreading centre
    • D. Transform fault
  15. What is the term for the gradual sinking of land relative to sea level?

    • A. Subsidence
    • B. Transgression
    • C. Isostatic uplift
    • D. Eustasy
  16. Which gas is most abundant in Earth's atmosphere?

    • A. Carbon Dioxide
    • B. Nitrogen
    • C. Hydrogen
    • D. Oxygen
  17. What is the name of the transition zone between fresh water in rivers and salt water in the sea?

    • A. Estuary
    • B. Lagoon
    • C. Halocline
    • D. Thermocline
  18. What is the name of the layer of Earth's atmosphere that contains the ozone layer?

    • A. Troposphere
    • B. Mesosphere
    • C. Stratosphere
    • D. Thermosphere
  19. What is the name of the geological time unit that encompasses the formation of Earth to the first complex life approximately 541 million years ago?

    • A. Archean
    • B. Precambrian
    • C. Hadean
    • D. Paleozoic
  20. What term describes the process by which water becomes vapour and rises into the atmosphere from plants?

    • A. Transpiration
    • B. Precipitation
    • C. Evaporation
    • D. Condensation